The industrial revolution, which marked XVIIIe and IXXe centuries, is one moment hinge in the history of the Occident, it gave place to changes technical, economic and social important. The Industrial revolution breaks up, in addition, in several revolutions: the agricultural revolution, the urban revolution, the commercial revolution, the technical revolution and the social revolution.
The first industrial revolution
It is born in England (1730-1803). The coke pig iron made there its appearance around 1735, thanks to the invention of the family Darby, but one century whole runs out before the furnaces with the charcoal disappear completely. The ore extraction will take off really only in the years 1780. In textile industry, the innovation left weaving with the “flying shuttle” focusing by John Kay in 1733 and diffused around 1760. This period parallel to sees the increase in the proletariat the accelerated rationalization of the methods of production. _ the event essential consist in the use of vapor, via the machine focusing by J. Watt between 1765 and 1785, which modify the structure of manufacture, from now on center around energy source.
The second industrial revolution
It is characterized by the development of new technologies such as electricity and the engine spark-ignition, and by the appearance of the division of the labor in the large factories.